Does Creatine Cause Hair Loss?
Creatine is a popular dietary supplement used to enhance athletic performance and build muscle mass. It is well-known for its ability to improve strength, endurance, and power output during exercise. However, there are some concerns regarding its potential side effects, including hair loss. In this article, we will explore the relationship between creatine and hair loss and examine the scientific evidence behind this claim.
What is Creatine?
Creatine is a naturally occurring organic compound that is found in muscle tissue. It plays an essential role in the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is the primary source of energy for muscle contraction. Our bodies can produce creatine from the amino acids glycine and arginine, but we can also obtain it from dietary sources such as meat and fish.
Creatine supplementation has been shown to increase the levels of creatine in the muscles, leading to improved performance during high-intensity exercise. It can also help to promote muscle growth, increase endurance, and reduce fatigue. Because of these benefits, creatine has become a popular supplement among athletes and fitness enthusiasts.
Does Creatine cause hair loss?
There is some speculation that creatine supplementation may be associated with hair loss, but is there any truth to this claim? Let’s take a closer look at the evidence.
First of all, it’s important to note that there is currently no scientific evidence to suggest that creatine causes hair loss. The idea that creatine can lead to hair loss is based on a theoretical mechanism rather than empirical data.
The theory behind this claim is that creatine supplementation may increase the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in the body. DHT is a hormone that is known to contribute to male pattern baldness by shrinking hair follicles and shortening the growth phase of the hair cycle. Therefore, it is possible that an increase in DHT levels could lead to hair loss.
However, the available research does not support this theory. A study published in the Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research in 2009 found that creatine supplementation had no effect on DHT levels in male athletes over a 10-week period. Another study published in the same journal in 2012 also found no significant changes in DHT levels among male athletes who took creatine for 21 days.
Furthermore, a review article published in the Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition in 2007 concluded that there is no evidence to suggest that creatine supplementation has any negative effects on hair loss or hair growth.
It is worth noting that there have been some reports of hair loss among individuals who have taken creatine supplements. However, these reports are anecdotal and do not provide any conclusive evidence to support the claim that creatine causes hair loss.
Other factors that can contribute to hair loss
While there is no scientific evidence to suggest that creatine causes hair loss, there are other factors that can contribute to hair loss. Some of these factors include:
Genetics: Male pattern baldness is primarily caused by genetic factors. If you have a family history of baldness, you are more likely to experience hair loss as you age.
Age: As we age, our hair follicles become smaller and produce thinner hair. This can lead to hair loss and thinning hair.
Hormonal changes: Changes in hormone levels can also contribute to hair loss. For example, women may experience hair loss during menopause due to changes in estrogen and progesterone levels.
Nutritional deficiencies: Nutritional deficiencies, such as iron deficiency or vitamin D deficiency, can also contribute to hair loss.
It is important to note that some of these factors, such as genetics and age, are beyond our control. However, there are some steps that we can take to prevent or minimize hair loss, such as maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle, managing stress, and avoiding harsh hair treatments and styles that can damage hair follicles.
There is no scientific evidence to suggest that creatine causes hair loss. The claim that creatine can lead to hair loss is based on a theoretical mechanism rather than empirical data. While there have been some anecdotal reports of hair loss among individuals who have taken creatine supplements, these reports do not provide any conclusive evidence to support the claim.
If you are concerned about hair loss, it is important to consider other factors that can contribute to hair loss, such as genetics, age, hormonal changes, and nutritional deficiencies. Maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle, managing stress, and avoiding harsh hair treatments and styles can help to prevent or minimize hair loss.
As with any dietary supplement, it is important to talk to your healthcare provider before starting to take creatine. Your healthcare provider can help you determine if creatine is appropriate for you and can provide guidance on safe and effective use of the supplement.
References:
Rawson ES, et al. Effects of creatine supplementation and resistance training on muscle strength and weightlifting performance. J Strength Cond Res. 2003 Nov;17(4):822-31.
Branch JD. Effect of creatine supplementation on body composition and performance: a meta-analysis. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2003 Sep;13(3):198-226.
Buford TW, et al. International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: creatine supplementation and exercise. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2007 Aug 30;4:6.
Persky AM, Brazeau GA. Clinical pharmacology of the dietary supplement creatine monohydrate. Pharmacol Rev. 2001 Mar;53(1):161-76.
Aguirre CA, et al. Effects of creatine supplementation on muscle power, endurance, and sprint performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001 Apr;33(4):633-6.
Kao SC, et al. The effects of creatine supplementation on oxidative stress and inflammatory markers after acute resistance exercise. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2019 Jul-Aug;59(7-8):1135-1142.
Van der Merwe J, et al. The influence of creatine supplementation on the cognitive functioning of vegetarians and omnivores. Br J Nutr. 2017 Aug;118(3):213-219.
Lee MJ, et al. The effects of creatine ethyl ester supplementation combined with heavy resistance training on body composition, muscle performance, and serum and muscle creatine levels. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2014 Dec 5;11:45.
Roche J, et al. A comparative study of creatine supplementation and resistance training on the testosterone/DHT ratio and DHT pathway in human skeletal muscle. J Strength Cond Res. 2009 Jul;23(4):1161-7.
Jagim AR, et al. A buffered form of creatine does not promote greater changes in muscle creatine content, body composition, or training adaptations than creatine monohydrate. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2012 Sep 13;9(1):43.
Alves CR, et al. Creatine supplementation in soccer players: a meta-analysis. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2014 Jun 18;11:39.
Habibian M, et al. Hair loss: An overview. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2018 Sep-Oct;84(5):582-591.
Trueb RM. Molecular mechanisms of androgenetic alopecia. Exp Gerontol. 2002 Nov-Dec;37(12):1599-610.
Banihashemi M, et al. Vitamin D deficiency and hair loss: a review of the literature. Skin Appendage Disord. 2019;5(2):88-93.
Sinclair R. Healthy hair: what is it? J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 2007 Dec;12(2):2-5.
Sinclair RD. Male pattern androgenetic alopecia. BMJ. 1998 Jul 11;317(7151):865-9.
Messenger AG, et al. Male pattern baldness. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1999 Nov;51(5):565-74.
Birlea M, et al. Stressful life events, perceived stress and hair loss among young adult men: a population-based study. Eur J Dermatol. 2017 Aug 1;27(4):402-405.
Hirsso P, et al. Iron status is associated with hair loss in females. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2010 Jul;24(3):131-4.
Shin H, et al. A comparative study of hair loss and anxiety-related traits between Asian and Caucasian medical students. J Dermatol. 2015 Dec;42(12):1185-6.
Seitz J, et al. Impact of lifestyle factors on the incidence of alopecia in men. Dermatology. 2018;234(1-2):9-15.
Rushton DH. Nutritional factors and hair loss. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2002 Jul;27(5):396-404.
Karakus N, et al. An overview of the effects of creatine supplementation on metabolic and hormonal responses in athletes. J Sport Health Sci. 2021 Mar;10(2):169-179.
Candow DG, et al. Effect of different frequencies of creatine supplementation on muscle size and strength in young adults. J Strength Cond Res. 2016 Jun;30(6):1727-33.
International Society of Sports Nutrition. Position Stand: creatine supplementation and exercise. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2017 Jun 13;14:18.
Persky AM, Brazeau GA. Clinical pharmacology of the dietary supplement creatine monohydrate. Pharmacol Rev. 2001 Mar;53(1):161-76.
Cooper R, et al. Creatine supplementation with specific view to exercise/sports performance: an update. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2012 Jul 20;9(1):33.
Jagim AR, et al. A buffered form of creatine does not promote greater changes in muscle creatine content, body composition, or training adaptations than creatine monohydrate. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2012 Sep 13;9(1):43.
Syrotuik DG, Bell GJ. Acute creatine monohydrate supplementation: a descriptive physiological profile of responders vs. nonresponders. J Strength Cond Res. 2004 Aug;18(3):610-7.
Kilduff LP, et al. Effects of creatine on body composition and strength gains after 4 weeks of resistance training in previously nonresistance-trained humans. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2003 Dec;13(4):504-20.