Why do Cats Purr?

Why Do Cats Purr?

Cats are fascinating creatures that have been kept as pets for thousands of years. They are known for their enigmatic behavior and unique vocalizations, particularly the purring sound that they make. Purring is a common behavior among cats, but why do they do it? In this article, we will explore the science behind cat purring, its benefits, and the different types of purrs.

What is Purring?

Purring is a rhythmic sound that cats produce, usually when they are content, relaxed, or being petted. It is a low-frequency sound that ranges from 25 to 150 Hertz and can be felt as a vibration. The sound is produced by the cat’s larynx, which vibrates the muscles of the voice box, and then spreads through the cat’s body. Purring is not only limited to domestic cats but is also found in some wild cat species like cheetahs, bobcats, and cougars.

Types of Purrs

Cats produce different types of purrs depending on their mood and the situation. According to Dr. Elizabeth Von Muggenthaler, a bioacoustics researcher, there are three main types of purrs: the regular purr, the low-frequency purr, and the high-pitched purr.

The regular purr is the most common type of purr, and it is produced when the cat is content or relaxed. It has a consistent frequency between 25 and 150 Hertz and a duration of 2-3 seconds per cycle.

The low-frequency purr is produced at a lower frequency, between 20 and 50 Hertz, and it is associated with the healing of bones and muscles. Studies have shown that this type of purr can promote the healing of bones, tendons, and muscles, reduce pain and inflammation, and improve mobility. This is known as a therapeutic purr.

The high-pitched purr is produced at a frequency of over 200 Hertz, and it is often associated with stress or anxiety. It can also be a sign of pain, fear, or distress. This type of purr is less common than the regular purr and the low-frequency purr.

Why Do Cats Purr?

The reason why cats purr has been a subject of debate among scientists for many years. Some researchers believe that cats purr to communicate with humans and other cats, while others believe that it is a self-soothing behavior.

Here are some of the most widely accepted theories on why cats purr:

Communication: Purring is a form of communication for cats. It is a way for them to signal to other cats or humans that they are content, relaxed, or happy. Cats can also use purring to communicate with their kittens, particularly during nursing or grooming.

Bonding: Purring can be a way for cats to bond with their owners. When a cat purrs while being petted, it signals to the owner that they are comfortable and happy. This can help strengthen the bond between the cat and its owner.

Self-Soothing: Purring can also be a way for cats to soothe themselves when they are in pain or stressed. Studies have shown that the vibrations produced during purring can help reduce pain, promote healing, and calm the cat down.

Hunger: In some cases, cats may purr to signal to their owners that they are hungry. This is particularly true if the cat associates the sound of food with the sound of purring.

Benefits of Purring

Purring is not only a way for cats to communicate, but it also has several health benefits. Studies have shown that the vibrations produced during purring can help reduce pain, promote healing, and improve mobility.

Here are some of the benefits of purring:

Pain Relief: The vibrations produced during purring can help reduce pain and inflammation in cats. Studies have shown that the frequency of the vibrations (between 25 and 150 Hertz) can promote the healing of bones, tendons, and muscles. This is why cats often purr when they are injured or recovering from surgery.

Relaxation: Purring can help cats relax and reduce stress. The sound of purring has a calming effect on both cats and humans. This is why many people find the sound of purring soothing and often use it as a relaxation technique.

Healing: Purring can promote the healing of tissues in cats. The vibrations produced during purring can increase blood flow and oxygenation to the affected area, which can help speed up the healing process. This is why cats often purr when they are recovering from injuries or illnesses.

Bonding: Purring can help strengthen the bond between cats and their owners. When a cat purrs while being petted, it signals to the owner that they are comfortable and happy. This can help create a sense of trust and connection between the cat and its owner.

Communication: Purring is a way for cats to communicate with other cats and humans. It is a way for them to signal that they are content, relaxed, or happy. This can help create a positive atmosphere and foster better communication between cats and their owners.

Why Do Some Cats Not Purr?

While most cats purr, there are some cats that do not. This can be due to a variety of factors, including genetics, illness, or injury. Some cats may have a physical abnormality that prevents them from purring, while others may have a neurological condition that affects their ability to purr.

In some cases, cats may simply not be inclined to purr. This is more common in cats that have not been socialized or have had negative experiences with humans. However, even cats that do not purr can still communicate in other ways, such as through body language and vocalizations.

Purring is a unique behavior that is specific to cats. While the exact reason why cats purr is still not fully understood, there are several theories on why they do it. Purring can be a form of communication, a way to bond with humans and other cats, a self-soothing behavior, or a signal that the cat is hungry.

Regardless of the reason why cats purr, it is clear that there are several benefits to this behavior. Purring can help reduce pain, promote healing, reduce stress, strengthen the bond between cats and their owners, and improve communication. It is also a reminder that cats are complex and fascinating creatures that continue to captivate us with their unique behaviors and vocalizations.

References:

McComb, K., Taylor, A. M., Wilson, C., & Charlton, B. D. (2009). The cry embedded within the purr. Current Biology, 19(13), R507-R508.

Muggenthaler, E. (1998). The felid purr: A healing mechanism? In Cats’ Paws and Catapults: Mechanical Worlds of Nature and People (pp. 145-151). W. W. Norton & Company.

Ron, E. (2019). Why do cats purr? The science behind one of their cutest quirks. National Geographic. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/why-do-cats-purr

Sugiura, G. (2000). Expression of emotions in dogs and cats: their physiological and behavioural correlates. Animal Welfare, 9(2), 175